从“大字报”到博客

——中国独立的自我表达的方方面面

吴万伟　刊发时间：2008-04-23 14:57:09　光明网-光明观察 [字体：大中小]

　　译自：“From "big character posters" to blogs by Martin Hala”

　　弗里德里克·肯德·科瓦克斯（Friederike Kind-Kovács）和杰西·拉伯夫（Jessie Labov）主编的《从萨密兹达到塔密兹达：1989年前后的独立媒

体》（From Samizdat to Tamizdat: independent media before and after 1989）即将于2008年出版。本文的德文版发表于2007年（Transit 34）

　　原文注释：

　　·[1] http://www.cnnic.net.cn/en/index/0O/02/index.htm

　　·[2] Markle Foundation and Chinese Academy of Social Sciences survey of Internet use in 5 major cities, http://www.markle.org/downloadable_assets/china_final_11_2005.pdf·[3] Rebecca MacKinnon, "The China Situation: Q&A with Isaac Mao," Global Voices Online, March 21, 2005, at: http://cyber.law.harvard.edu/globalvoices/?p=75·[4] In these observations I rely on my research of the rather substantial collection of Red Guard publications at the Oriental Institute in Prague.

　　·[5] For a detailed study of these journals, see Chen Ruoxi : Democracy Wall and the Unofficial Journals - Studies in Chinese Terminology No. 20. Berkeley 1982

　　·[6] For one the best known, and most reviled in China, see Nicholas D. Kristof: Death by a Thousand Blogs, New York Times, May 24, 2005

　　·[7] http://www.china.org.cn/chinese/zhuanti/283732.htm

　　·[8] See, for instance, http://www.hrw.org/reports/2006/china0806/, or http://www.opennetinitiative.net/studies/china/·[9] http://www.hrw.org/reports/2006/china0806/5.htm

　　·[10] Markle Foundation and Chinese Academy of Social Sciences survey of Internet use in 5 major cities, http://www.markle.org/downloadable_assets/china_final_11_2005.pdf·[11] http://www.danwei.org/media_regulation/glimpses_inside_the_chinese_me.php

　　·[12] http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/4787302.stm

　　·[13] http://blog.bcchinese.net/bingfeng/archive/2006/03/12/59423.aspx

　　·[14] http://anti.blog-city.com/1634657.htm

　　·[15] http://www.zonaeuropa.com/20060217_1.htm

　　·[16] Rebecca McKinnon, personal communication

　　·[17] Roland Soong: Chinese Bloggers, Podcasters and Webcasters. East West South North blog.

　　·[18] It could be argued that it is now trying to co-opt the very notion of democracy, too, or rather to redefine it to suit its own needs. See Joseph Kahn: Among China's elite, talk of 'democracy'. IHT, April 20, 2007·[19] http://www.zonaeuropa.com/culture/c20060108_1.htm

　　·[20] http://www.wenxue.com/T3/?q=blog/353. The blog seems down, but there are English translations available at http://www.onpointradio.org/shows/2005/12/20051219aextra.asp.·[21] http://www.aufbau-verlag.de/index.php4?page=28&show=16550&avsess=a2680aa70e293d098083eebcf0e1407c·[22] http://www.people.com.cn/GB/wenyu/69/20021226/896098.html

　　·[23] http://bjyouth.ynet.com/article.jsp?oid=3264667

　　·[24] http://www.isaacmao.com/

　　·[25] http://ethanzuckerman.com/blog/?p=266

　　·[26] Michael Standaert: Interview with Yu Hua at Ohio State University. http://mclc.osu.edu/rc/pubs/yuhua.htm

　　·[27] David Barboza: China's hit novel: tremendous or trash? The New York Times, Sept. 3, 2006

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